Language is an integral part of the culture of society, as well as of each person separately. In general, language is considered as the most important independent element of the social sphere of a person. But in the study of the language it is impossible not to touch upon the cultural characteristics of the ethnos, since this is the source of its origin. Language and culture are interconnected, they reflect the world around. But language is by no means a simple mirror of the world, and therefore captures not only what is perceived, but also meaningful, conscious, interpreted by a person. This means that the human world is not only what he perceived through his senses. On the contrary, a more or less significant part of this world is made up of the subjective results of a person’s interpretation of the perceived. That is why in scientific research there is such a term as «linguistic picture of the world», which we will study in this work within the framework of the Evenk ethnos. Material and spiritual culture is reflected in the language, primarily in its vocabulary - vocabulary. This is due to such areas of scientific knowledge as linguistics (lexicology, lexicography). Due to the fact that the Evenk language is included in the «Red Book of the Languages of the Peoples of Russia» (1994; 2002), the article raises questions of ethnolinguistics and linguoecology. Purpose of the work: To study the vocabulary reflecting the material and spiritual culture of the Evenks, as a phenomenon of the linguistic picture of the world of the ethnos. Classify it by individual elements as thematic word groups (TG). To analyze the peculiarities of the existence of the vocabulary associated with the culture of the Evenks in the linguistic environment of the ethnos. Determine the role and place of language vocabulary in the practice of school and university teaching.

The article considers the main historical stages that reveal the process of forming a «corpus of texts» about the Far North of Yakutia in written sources and in the artistic tradition (based on travel, historical and ethnographic, local history essays, materials of Arctic expeditions, diaries and biographies, as well as the formation of an image The Far North in the artistic tradition of the early twentieth century). The periodization of the origin and development of the image of the Far North of Yakutia in written sources, the design of its symbolic expression is proposed: the first mention of the Verkhoyansk ulus in written sources refers to the 1770-s ХVШ century; from the beginning of the nineteenth century - these are travel notes written by travelers during a visit to a remote marginal area, attention to the North was stimulated by the programs of scientific expeditions directed to the polar latitudes; pre-revolutionary Far North; revolutionary upheavals as a dramatic period in the history of the Far North; the period of Soviet construction and the years of the Great Patriotic War; post-war period; post-Soviet space; state of the art.

The relevance of the article is dictated by the need to study an unexplored topic in the Yakut science - the local urban text. The geocultural landscape of Yakutsk is considered as a segment within which the unique quality of the national world is most clearly revealed. Based on the artistic material of the Yakut prose of the twentieth century, an attempt is made to form a methodology for analyzing the Yakut local urban text, which can be original because of the authenticity and content of the object of research - the northernmost, farthest and coldest city. The scientific novelty of the article is obvious: the understanding of the city as a semantic structure, which is manifested in the constancy of images, universals that have a cultural, historical, mental community and are united in a single artistic system, was not undertaken as an independent study. The study of the geopoetic landscape of Yakutsk, which has not received detailed development in the Yakut literary studies to this day, is justified by the idea of the city as a single artistic and cultural system that can claim to be self-sufficient by its specificity against the background of other local texts. The conclusions outlined in this article can be used in the development of problems of the cultural landscape, ethno-cultural criteria of identity in the conditions of modernity, which are becoming the most relevant in recent years in Russian science.

The relevance of this article is caused by the steady interest of the international community in the Arctic - the region which has enormous natural resources and specific advantages of a geographical location. It is noted that in recent years the state pays considerable attention to issues of the Arctic development in this connection the fundamental strategic documents defining the fundamental principles of the Russian Arctic policy aimed at providing sovereignty of the country and realization of its national interests in the region are accepted. It is specified in article that the Arctic plays a special role in strategic priorities of the Russian Federation, advance of sustainable development and global management in the world and also possesses a considerable economic, geopolitical and military strategic importance. In the article is revealed a need further of implementation of complex accumulation of competitive advantages of the Arctic zone for strengthening positions of the country in the Arctic, consolidations of the international security and peacekeeping and stability in this region. It is concluded that successful realization of the initiatives considered in a research will allow Russia to take essential political and economic benefits, having provided the leading role in the modern international relations and strengthening of the status of the Arctic power.