The article discusses the issues of assessing the leaders of digital transformation (LDT) of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) according to the results of 2022. It is shown that the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) ranks first in the Arctic territory, the Krasnoyarsk Krai has the largest number of inhabitants, and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug has high indicators of gross regional product and quality of life. The results of the LDT rating assessment revealed the leading positions of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the Komi Republic. In 2021, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) allocated significant budgetary funds for the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) compared to other regions. A high linear correlation has been established between the indicators of spending on ICT and LDT, which indicates a significant impact on the assessment of responsible managers of digital transformation in the regions of the criterion «measures to support the IT industry». It is noted that in the conditions of economic sanctions, including restrictions on the supply of high-tech products, the processes of modernization in the field of digital technologies and accelerated implementation of software import substitution will be reflected in further assessments of the heads of digital transformation of federal ministries and subjects of Russia.

   The relevance of this article stems from the fact that the Arctic is an important part of Russia, and in the case of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – a key region. This is due to a number of reasons. Firstly, Yakutia is located in the northernmost region of Russia, and many of its territories are in the Arctic. This means that the Arctic is an important natural resource for Yakutia, and many economic industries of Yakutia, such as fishing, mining and tourism,depend on the state of the Arctic. Secondly, changes in climatic conditions in the Arctic can have a serious impact on the economy of Yakutia. For example, ice melting in the Arctic can lead to a deterioration in conditions for fishing and tourism in the region. In addition, changes in climatic conditions can affect mineral production, such as oil and gas. Thirdly, the Arctic is an important transport corridor for Yakutia. The sea routes through the Arctic can provide a more effective and fast transport link between Yakutia and other regions of Russia and the world. In this article, we consider modern urgent problems and possible future changes in the Arctic zone of the republic, as well as their impact on the republic’s economy. We will consider measures that the government of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is taking to preserve and develop the northern Arctic regions of the republic, as well as the consequences of these measures and development prospects for the regional economy and infrastructure.

   The aim of this work is to reveal the content and significance of the developed support measures that would help improve the socio-economic situation of life in the Arctic zone of the republic.

   The following tasks were set:

   – to consider state programs that are focused on improving the socio-economic standard of living;

   – to consider urgent problems of a socio-economic nature and their
consequences;

   – to identify the prospects for the socio-economic development of the Arctic zone of the republic.

   In the process of writing the article, a large amount of scientific and statistical information on the socio-economic condition of the subject under study was analyzed, as well as Internet portals that gave an idea of the prospects for the development of the region and plans for the future.

   The practical aspect of studying the economic efficiency of small businesses in the Arctic is relevant in the light of the development of this region and the implementation of the strategy for the development of small businesses in Russia.

   The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic efficiency of creating a small business in the Arctic region based on the analysis and identify promising areas for business development in this region.

   To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to diagnose the state of small business in the Arctic and identify the most promising industries for investment; calculate economic efficiency indicators, including return on investment, profitability and net profit; assess the problems faced by small businesses in the Arctic region, as well as identify promising areas for business development.

   Small business in the Arctic has great potential for development, but faces some challenges. In order to develop effectively, small businesses need to identify the most promising industries for investment and calculate economic efficiency indicators, such as return on investment, profitability and net profit. An important aspect is also the assessment of the problems faced by small businesses in the Arctic region and the identification of promising areas for business development. The study of the economic efficiency of small businesses in the Arctic will help small businesses optimize their work and achieve greater profits, as well as contribute to the development of the region as a whole.

   The northern territories of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) located beyond the Arctic Circle with harsh climatic conditions have the status of the Arctic zone. Regional aviation in the Arctic zone of Yakutia is not able to fully cover the need for air transportation of the local population. Small aviation and general aviation could contribute to this, but at present this segment of civil aviation in our country is extremely undeveloped. The article provides a comparative analysis of the state of development of small aircraft in Russia and abroad. The advantages and disadvantages of the Concept for the Development of Small Aviation in the Republic of Sakha (2019) are noted. The authors conclude that it is absolutely necessary to widely implement small aviation and general aviation in the Arctic zone of Yakutia for the full social and economic development of the region. This requires a comprehensive solution of legal, organizational, technological and financial issues at the government level.

   The National Security Strategy is one of the most important documents in the field of defense for any country that has such a document. Such a strategy reflects the main directions of the state in relation to certain regions, determines the national interests and threats that stand in the way of the existence or development of the state and its people. The growing interest
of the world community in the Arctic region over the last two decades cannot but affect the policy of the five Arctic states, among which are the United States.

   The purpose of the article is to clarify the assigned role for the Arctic in the US politics and security and its changes over the past two decades. In this article the authors examine how the policy of the United States of America towards the Arctic region has changed in accordance with the National Security Strategies of 2000, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2015, 2017, 2022.

   During the analysis of the text of the documents it was concluded that interest in the Arctic in the first decade of the XXI century for the United States faded, but after 2007, when Russia made it clear to the world about its return to the Arctic through the A. N. Chilingarov expedition and the installation of the Russian flag at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean, the Arctic began to acquire increasing importance in the US politics.

   Disputes about the homeland are ongoing. Someone believes that the homeland is the geographical place where a person was born, someone thinks that a person has a homeland where he has lived all his life. Researchers agree on one thing: the homeland is a place with which a person is associated with strong feelings, emotions, losing which he experiences longing and nostalgia. The theme of a small homeland runs like a red line through the work of many poets and writers. S.V. is no exception. Moskvitin. The article analyzes the works of the modern Yakut poet Sergey Vladimirovich Moskvitin, dedicated to Lensk, Lensky district. Linguistic and stylistic methods were used in the analysis of poems. Moskvitin gives a description of his native land through a portrait of people who live in Lensk, the villages of the Lensky district, through landscape lyrics. The following conclusions were made during the study. In the works of Moskvitin, the authors of the article found a certain peculiarity inherent in the poet: some poems are written in the form by definition of the author himself in the genre – reportage in verse, landscape lyrics are also inherent in reportage. Sergei Vladimirovich worked as a journalist for a long time, which could not but affect his work. Moskvitin often uses regional vocabulary in works dedicated to his small homeland.