Comparative analysis of migration processes in Russian northern regions of resource type

The article examines the main migration indicators in eight northern resource-type regions (NRT) — Magadan Oblast, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Komi Republic, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Sakhalin Oblast, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The subjects are compared by such indicators as population size, number of arrivals and departures, migration increase, composition of migrants by age and level of education. Migration from the CIS countries and foreign countries is also compared. Comparative analysis of migration processes in NRT showed that KhantyMansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra is the most attractive region for migrants, although it is comparable in climate and income level with other subjects. The following main areas of socio-economic development of NRT are outlined to attract and retain migrants in the north: further development of mineral extraction considering the transformation of production in the new economic conditions; attracting investment in industries that create new jobs in the north (transport, agriculture, education and entrepreneurship). In addition to income, migrants, including highly qualified personnel, are attracted by the developed infrastructure, standard and quality of life of the region’s population.

1. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 26.10.2020 No. 645. On the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and Ensuring National Security for the Period up to 2035. Kremlin. ru: [website]. [online] Available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/45972 [Accessed 12 January 2023] (in Russian).

2. Kuleshov V. (ed.) Resource Regions of Russia in the “New Reality”. Novosibirsk: Publishing House of the Institute of Economics, Industrial Policy and Problems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2017:308 (in Russian).

3. Population Size and Migration of the Russian Federation in 2022. Federal State Statistics Service. Information and analytical materials. rosstat. gov.ru: [website]. [online] Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/compendium/document/13283 [Accessed 05 January 2023] (in Russian).

4. Demographic Yearbook of Russia. 2023: Statistical Collection. Moscow: Rosstat, 2023:256 (in Russian).