ROLE OF THE FAR NORTH FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY

The purpose of the work is to identify the role and characteristics of the Far North for the sustainable development of the country. The heterogeneity of development and territorial organization of the economy, specific features of nature and ambiguous long-term trends in the development of northern territories require a deep analysis of the internal reasons for their development. Materials and methods. The study of the significance, characteristics, trends and problems of economic development in the Far North was carried out at the super-regional level (as a whole), at the regional level (those regions that fully belong to it) in comparison with the average indicators for the country and the federal districts of the country. To fulfill the purpose of the study - to assess the role of the Far North for the sustainable development of the country, literary, comparative, analytical, system-structural, statistical and other research methods were applied. We used statistical information from the official publications of the Federal State Statistics Service - "Regions of Russia" for 2002-2019. To perform calculations, statistical data were summarized, systematized and structured. Results. In general, the Far North has huge reserves of minerals. The largest explored reserves of natural gas and oil are especially important and intensively used. Therefore, in the sectoral structure of industrial production, there is a predominance of extractive industries, which distinguishes this territory from the Russian Federation as a whole. The Far North, despite the difficult natural and transport-geographic conditions, is a donor of the Russian economy. Its role is great in the fishing industry in the fuel and energy complex, metallurgy, timber and pulp and paper industries. This is where the flows of fuel and raw materials begin, which produce at least twice the GRP than at the present time in the very north of the country. Based on our work, it can be concluded that for the sustainable development of the country in the Far North, it is necessary for the federal center to carry out a special regional policy combining, on the one hand, investment, financial, tax aspects and measures for the accelerated development of the northern territories to increase the socio-economic level and unity of the entire space of the country, and on the other hand, it is necessary to provide greater independence to the subjects of the Federation of the Far North in solving all issues of life and activities of the population, increasing its well-being based on the maximum use of local resources.

sustainable development, the Far North, region, role, gross regional product, industry, agriculture, population

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