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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arkhumsci</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Арктика XXI век</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic XXI century</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-7378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-7386</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25587/3034-7378-2026-14-3-102-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arkhumsci-275</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сибирский архипелаг: восприятие окружающей среды и стороны света в экономике аласов Якутии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Siberian Archipelago: environmental perception and cardinal directions in Sakha alaas economy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0306-8417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Месарош</surname><given-names>Ч.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mészáros</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>МЕСАРОШ Чаба - Ph.D. (Антропология), старший научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом неевропейских исследований</p><p>Будапешт</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57208659973</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Csaba MÉSZÁROS Ph.D. (Anthropology), Head of the Department of NonEuropean Studies</p><p>Budapest</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57208659973</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">meszaros.csaba@htk.elte.hu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет имени Лоранда Этвеша, Исследовательский центр гуманитарных наук, Институт этнологии</institution><country>Венгрия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eötvös Loránd University</institution><country>Hungary</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Месарош Ч., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Месарош Ч.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mészáros C.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.arcticjournal.ru/jour/article/view/275">https://www.arcticjournal.ru/jour/article/view/275</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследования сторон света в якутском языке и культуре до сих пор были сосредоточены преимущественно на лингвистических и фольклорных аспектах этих понятий. Настоящая статья ставит целью раскрыть сложные значения сторон света через объединение фундаментальных аспектов локального восприятия окружающей среды, систем ориентации и метагеографии. Опираясь на локальное нарративное знание, собранное в ходе полевой работы в Центральной Якутии в 2002–2015 годах, автор рассматривает репрезентацию сторон света в якутских нарративах. Исследование восполняет пробел в существующей науке: если этимология и ритуальное употребление терминов сторон света изучены достаточно подробно, то стратифицированный и взаимосвязанный характер их концептуализации – охватывающий эгоцентрическую, интринсивную и абсолютную системы ориентации наряду с эмической метагеографией – оставался недостаточно исследованным. Методология сочетает лингвистическую антропологию, когнитивные подходы к пространственной ориентации и анализ локальных нарративных практик. Полевые материалы включают интервью, ментальные карты, нарисованные информантами, и данные ассоциативного словаря. Автор утверждает, что особенности мерзлотного ландшафта и наличие архипелага аласных лугов в бореальном лесу формируют особое якутское восприятие окружающей среды, в котором важную роль играют как эгоцентрическая, так и аллоцентрическая навигация в Центрально-Якутской низменности. Кроме того, стороны света не только локализуют и контекстуализируют непосредственное окружение сел Центральной Якутии, но и участвуют в формировании стереотипных образов ландшафтов и их жителей в отдельных регионах. В этой системе стереотипно определяются как этническая принадлежность, так и основные черты характера тех, кто населяет тот или иной ландшафт. Результаты показывают, что в якутском восприятии окружающей среды стороны света не нейтральны: юг (соҕуруу) и восток (илин) наделены положительными значениями и связаны с якутской родиной и аласным ландшафтом, тогда как север (хоту) и запад (арҕаа) ассоциируются с морозом, злыми духами и территориями эвенкийских народов. Исследование демонстрирует, как языковая система – в частности, понятия, описывающие стороны света, – переплетается с восприятием окружающей среды, образом жизни и этническими традициями. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в сравнительное фольклористическое изучение, лингвистическую антропологию и исследования якутской метагеографии, а также намечают направления дальнейшей полевой работы в Северной Якутии и в районе реки Вилюй.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Research on cardinal directions in Sakha has predominantly concentrated on the linguistic and folkloristic dimensions of these concepts. This article aims to elucidate the complex meanings of cardinal directions by integrating fundamental aspects of local environmental perceptions, orientational systems, and metageographies. Drawing on local narrative knowledge collected during fieldwork conducted in Central Yakutia from 2002 to 2015, the author examines the representation of cardinal directions in Sakha narratives. The study addresses a gap in existing scholarship: while the etymology and ritual uses of directional terms have been thoroughly studied, the stratified and interconnected nature of their conceptualization – encompassing egocentric, intrinsic, and absolute orientational systems alongside emic metageography – has received insufficient attention. The methodology combines linguistic anthropology, cognitive approaches to spatial orientation, and the analysis of local narrative practices. Field materials include interviews, mental maps drawn by interlocutors, and associative dictionary data. The author contends that the characteristics of the permafrost landscape and the presence of an archipelago of alaas meadows in the boreal forest contribute to a distinctively Sakha environmental perception, emphasizing the importance of both egocentric and allocentric navigation in the Central Yakutian Lowland. Furthermore, cardinal directions not only locate and contextualize the immediate environments of villages in Central Yakutia, but also contribute to stereotyped images of landscapes and residents in distinct regions. Both the ethnic affiliation and the major character traits of those who dwell in a particular landscape can be stereotypically defined in this system. The results show that in Sakha environmental perception, cardinal directions are not neutral: south (soghuruu) and east (ilin) carry positive values and are associated with the Sakha homeland and the alaas landscape, while north (khotu) and west (arghaa) are linked to frost, evil spirits, and the territories of Evenki peoples. The study demonstrates how a linguistic system – specifically the concepts describing cardinal directions – is interwoven with environmental perception, lifestyle, and ethnic traditions. The findings contribute to comparative folklore studies, linguistic anthropology, and research on Sakha metageography, and suggest directions for further fieldwork in Northern Yakutia and the Vilyuy River region.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стороны света</kwd><kwd>метагеография</kwd><kwd>ориентация</kwd><kwd>алас</kwd><kwd>регионализм</kwd><kwd>когнитивные карты</kwd><kwd>якутский язык</kwd><kwd>восприятие окружающей среды</kwd><kwd>лингвистическая антропология</kwd><kwd>Якутия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardinal directions</kwd><kwd>metageography</kwd><kwd>orientation</kwd><kwd>alaas</kwd><kwd>regionalism</kwd><kwd>cognitive maps</kwd><kwd>Sakha language</kwd><kwd>environmental perception</kwd><kwd>linguistic anthropology</kwd><kwd>Yakutia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kolodeznikov S. 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