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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arkhumsci</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Арктика XXI век</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic XXI century</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-7378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-7386</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25587/3034-7378-2026-14-3-5-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arkhumsci-270</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модель универсального лингвистического графа знаний тюркских языков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A model of a universal linguistic knowledge graph for Turkic languages</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3063-8147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатиатуллин</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gatiatullin</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ГАТИАТУЛЛИН Айрат Рафизович - кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Казань</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: ABF-8777-2020, Scopus Author ID: 56500678000, Elibrary AuthorID: 161758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ayrat R. GATIATULLIN - Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Leading Researcher</p><p>Kazan</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: ABF8777-2020, Scopus Author ID: 56500678000, Elibrary AuthorID: 161758</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ayrat.gatiatullin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-7465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьев</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopyev</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ПРОКОПЬЕВ Николай Аркадиевич - кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>Казань</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: S-3829-2016, Scopus Author ID: 57206891311, Elibrary AuthorID: 999214</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. PROKOPYEV - Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Researcher</p><p>Kazan</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: S-3829-2016, Scopus Author ID: 57206891311, Elibrary AuthorID: 999214</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolai.prokopyev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9195-5723</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдурахмонова</surname><given-names>Н. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdurakhmonova</surname><given-names>N. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>АБДУРАХМОНОВА Нилуфар Зайнобитдиновна - доктор филологических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой компьютерной лингвистики и прикладного языкознания, Факультет журналистики и узбекской филологии</p><p>Ташкент</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: ABC-52752021, Scopus Author ID: 57221106516</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nilufar Z. ABDURAKHMONOVA - Dr. Sci. (Philology), Professor, Head of the Department of Computational and Applied Linguistics, Faculty of Journalism and Uzbek Philology</p><p>Tashkent</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: ABC-5275-2021, Scopus Author ID: 57221106516</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.abduraxmonova@nuu.uz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9605-7460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касиева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasieva</surname><given-names>A. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>КАСИЕВА Аида Аскарбековна - кандидат филологических наук, доцент, профессор, заведующая отделением перевода и переводоведения, Филологический факультет</p><p>Бишкек</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: HGC-3155-2022, Scopus Author ID: 57189928164</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aida A. KASIEVA - Cand. Sci. (Philology), Associate Professor, Professor and Head of the Department of Translations, Faculty of Humanities</p><p>Bishkek</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: HGC-3155-2022, Scopus Author ID: 57189928164</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aida.kasieva@manas.edu.kg</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладной семиотики Академии наук Республики Татарстан</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Semiotics of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный университет Узбекистана им. Мирзо Улугбека</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Uzbekistan Named after Mirzo Ulugbek</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кыргызско-турецкий университет «Манас»</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гатиатуллин А.Р., Прокопьев Н.А., Абдурахмонова Н.З., Касиева А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гатиатуллин А.Р., Прокопьев Н.А., Абдурахмонова Н.З., Касиева А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gatiatullin A.R., Prokopyev N.A., Abdurakhmonova N.Z., Kasieva A.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.arcticjournal.ru/jour/article/view/270">https://www.arcticjournal.ru/jour/article/view/270</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье описывается новая модель универсального лингвистического графа знаний для тюркских языков как основа для создания онтолингвистических ресурсов. В предлагаемой модели знания о мире формализованы в виде онтологического ядра, объединяющего таксономическую и ситуационную онтологии (по аналогии с WordNet и FrameNet) и тесно взаимосвязанного с лингвистическими данными тюркских языков. Актуальность работы обусловлена малоресурсностью большинства тюркских языков и потерей эффективности нейро-сетевых подходов при обработке агглютинативных языков с богатой морфологией, что ограничивает применение больших языковых моделей к тюркским языкам. Цель проекта – разработка новой модели универсального лингвистического графа знаний для тюркских языков. Для реализации этой цели нами решались следующие задачи, такие как объединение знаний о мире и глубоких лингвистических сведений на всех уровнях языковой системы; построение графа по принципу семиотической вертикали; обеспечение морфемоцентричности модели; интеграция с международными языковыми стандартами. В ка-честве основополагающего метода предлагается прагматически-ориентированный подход, фокусирующий предметную область на структурно-функциональных особенностях тюркских языков. Граф знаний строится по принципу семиотической вертикали, объединяющей пять уровней – фонологический, морфологический, синтаксический, семантический и прагматический, а также три межуровневых моста (морфонологический, морфосинтаксический и морфосемантический). Ключевая особенность модели – морфемоцентричность, где морфема выступает базовой лингвистической единицей, связанной с единицами всех языковых уровней модели, что принципиально отличает подход от словоцентричных моделей для флективных языков. Модель интегрирована с международными яыковыми стандартами: IPA, Universal Dependencies, UDS, UMR, FrameNet, WordNet и DiAML, каждый из которых используется для описания языковых элементов и отношений на своем языковом уровне. Модель уже нашла практическое применение в нескольких программных продуктах, таких как лингвистический портал «Тюркская морфема» и новой версии татарского корпуса «Туган тел». Перспективы включают повышение интерпретируемости LLM, улучшение качества машинного перевода и унификацию аннотаций электронных корпусов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes a new model of a universal linguistic knowledge graph for Turkic languages as a basis for creating ontolinguistic resources. In the model, world knowledge is formalized as an ontological core that integrates taxonomic and situational ontologies (by analogy with WordNet and FrameNet) and is closely interrelated with linguistic data from Turkic languages. The relevance of the work is determined by the low-resource nature of most Turkic languages and the loss of effectiveness of neural network approaches in processing agglutinative languages with rich morphology. The goal of the project is to develop a new model of a universal linguistic knowledge graph for Turkic languages. The objectives are: integrating world knowledge and deep linguistic information at all levels of the language system; constructing the graph according to the principle of a semiotic vertical; ensuring the morphemocentricity of the model; and integrating it with international language standards. The foundational method is a pragmatically-oriented approach that focuses the research domain on the structural and functional features of Turkic languages. The knowledge graph is constructed according to the principle of a semiotic vertical that unites five levels – phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic – as well as three inter-level bridges (morphonological, morphosyntactic, and morphosemantic). A key feature of the model is its morphemocentricity: the morpheme acts as the basic linguistic unit, connected with units of all language levels of the model, which fundamentally distinguishes this approach from word-centric models for fusional languages. The model is integrated with international standards: IPA, Universal Dependencies, UDS, UMR, FrameNet, WordNet, and DiAML, each of which is used to describe linguistic elements and relations at its own level. The model has already found practical application in several software products, such as the linguistic portal “Turkic Morpheme” and the new version of the Tatar corpus “Tugan Tel”. Prospects include improving the interpretability of LLMs, improving the quality of machine translation, and unifying annotations of electronic corpora. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>граф знаний</kwd><kwd>лингвистический граф знаний</kwd><kwd>тюркские языки</kwd><kwd>семиотическая вертикаль</kwd><kwd>онтология</kwd><kwd>агглютинативные языки</kwd><kwd>Uniform Meaning Representation</kwd><kwd>Universal Dependencies</kwd><kwd>тюркология</kwd><kwd>лингвистические ресурсы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>knowledge graph</kwd><kwd>linguistic knowledge graph</kwd><kwd>Turkic languages</kwd><kwd>semiotic vertical</kwd><kwd>ontology</kwd><kwd>agglutinative languages</kwd><kwd>Uniform Meaning Representation</kwd><kwd>Universal Dependencies</kwd><kwd>Turkology</kwd><kwd>linguistic resources</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lewis P., Perez E., Piktus A. et al. 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